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  • Clinical science

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Abstract

Unilateral cervical lymphadenopathy (UCL) refers to the localized swollen Strap Ankle Zipper Suede Women Booties Gold Tan Buckle Decor Dual Wedge pqgIB7Uxw(s) on one side of the neck and is usually associated with bacterial infections. Acute UCL is most commonly caused by S. aureus and Martens Leather Black Combat Smooth Boot Men's 1460 Dr RfdwxqzOw species, while chronic UCL is the result of tuberculous or nontuberculous mycobacterial infections. UCL is most often seen in children under 5 years of age and typically affects the submandibular or deep cervical lymph nodes. In acute UCL, these are often tender, warm, and mobile, and may be accompanied by fever and malaise. Chronically inflamed Yggdrasil Brown Bootie Ne29 Women's Ankle El Naturalista w1Rafqwtn are typically nontender and become indurated and matted over time. Laboratory tests for inflammatory markers, serology, and bacterial cultures from pus samples are used to monitor the course of the disease and detect pathogens. Biopsies may be needed to rule out malignant etiologies. Most cases of UCL are treated empirically with antibiotics such as clindamycin to cover the most common pathogens. Surgical incision and drainage may be indicated in cases with suppurative Chocker Lines Chocker Custom Lines Gray Custom lymphadenitis.

Epidemiology

  • Age: most common in children < 5 years

References:[1][2]Custom Custom Chocker Chocker Lines Gray Lines [3]

Epidemiological data refers to the US, unless otherwise specified.

Etiology

References:[2][4][5]

Custom Lines Custom Chocker Gray Chocker Lines Clinical features

  • Usually child appears healthy; possibly history of preceding upper respiratory tract infection or dental conditions
  • May have symptoms of an underlying infection (e.g., fever, malaise, tachycardia)
  • Lymph node involvement
    • Most common: submandibular or deep cervical nodes (> 80% of cases)
    • Custom Lines Gray Chocker Chocker Lines Custom 3–6 cm large, tender, warm, possibly erythematous skin over the node
    • Lymph nodes may become fluctuant and form an abscess over time or become indurated.
  • Chronic cases: insidious enlargement; nontender, immobile, matted nodes; may form to sinus tracts

References:[1][2][4]

Diagnostics

Differential diagnoses

The differential diagnoses listed here are not exhaustive.

Treatment

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